Torn Subscapularis: Symptoms, Recovery, and Treatment Options

The subscapularis is a key muscle in your shoulder, and when it's torn, even simple daily movements can become painful or difficult. Whether you're an athlete, gym-goer, or someone who's simply reached too far overhead, a torn subscapularis can disrupt your life—and the longer it’s left untreated, the more it can impact your function.

In this article, we’ll break down what the subscapularis does, how to recognise a tear, what recovery looks like, and the best treatment options to get you back to full movement.

What Is the Subscapularis Muscle?

The subscapularis is one of the four rotator cuff muscles in your shoulder. Located on the front side of the shoulder blade (scapula), it plays a major role in rotating your arm inward and helping to stabilise the shoulder joint.

It’s especially active when you:

• Reach behind your back (e.g. tucking in a shirt)

• Lift or push objects in front of you

• Perform internal rotation, such as swimming strokes or specific gym movements

Because of its position and function, it’s particularly vulnerable to injury from overuse, repetitive strain, or sudden trauma.

Common Causes of a Torn Subscapularis

A torn subscapularis can happen gradually over time or suddenly with a specific incident. Common causes include:

• Repetitive overhead movements – Common in sports like swimming, tennis, and weightlifting

• Trauma – Such as a fall on an outstretched arm or sudden pulling injury

• Lifting heavy objects with poor shoulder control

• Degenerative wear and tear – Often related to ageing or chronic shoulder dysfunction

Partial tears are more common than full-thickness tears, but both can cause significant pain and weakness.

Symptoms of a Torn Subscapularis

If you’ve torn your subscapularis, symptoms can range from mild discomfort to significant functional limitations. Common signs include:

• Pain in the front of the shoulder or deep in the joint

• Weakness with internal rotation (e.g. tucking in a shirt or reaching across the body)

• Difficulty lifting the arm overhead or behind the back

• Clicking or catching sensations in the shoulder

• Loss of shoulder stability or a feeling that it may "give out"

• Night pain, especially when lying on the affected side

If the tear is severe or combined with other rotator cuff injuries, these symptoms may be more pronounced.

Diagnosing a Subscapularis Tear

If you're experiencing the above symptoms, it's important to get a proper diagnosis. At Elite Health & Performance, we begin with a thorough assessment that includes:

• Physical examination of shoulder strength, mobility, and function

• Orthopaedic testing to pinpoint which rotator cuff muscle is involved

• Referral for imaging (e.g. ultrasound or MRI) if needed to confirm the extent of the tear

Early diagnosis is key to a faster, more complete recovery.

Treatment Options for a Torn Subscapularis

Treatment for a torn subscapularis depends on the severity of the injury. In most cases, non-surgical rehab is effective, especially for partial tears or those without severe structural damage.

1. Manual Therapy

Hands-on treatment helps to reduce pain, restore mobility, and release tension in surrounding muscles. This includes soft tissue therapy, joint mobilisation, and trigger point work.

2. Exercise-Based Rehabilitation

Rebuilding strength and control in the shoulder is essential for full recovery. A personalised rehab plan may include:

• Internal and external rotation exercises

• Scapular stabilisation drills

• Gradual return to overhead movements and sport-specific tasks

3. Dry Needling or Shockwave Therapy

These techniques can speed up healing by reducing inflammation and stimulating tissue repair, particularly helpful in chronic or stubborn cases.

4. Chiro/Physio Care and Postural Correction

Addressing postural imbalances and improving spinal alignment can take pressure off the shoulder and reduce the risk of re-injury.

5. Surgical Referral (if necessary)

In cases of full-thickness tears or when conservative care isn’t effective, surgical repair may be required. Post-surgery rehabilitation will still play a crucial role in recovery.

How Long Does It Take to Recover from a Subscapularis Tear?

Recovery time depends on the severity of the tear and the consistency of treatment.

• Mild to moderate tears: 6–12 weeks with structured rehab

• Severe or chronic cases: 3–6 months, especially if surgery is involved

Sticking to your treatment plan and gradually reintroducing movement is the key to long-term success.

Get Expert Shoulder Care at Elite Health & Performance

If you're dealing with shoulder pain or suspect a torn subscapularis, the team at Elite Health & Performance is ready to help. Our experienced chiropractors and physiotherapists provide top-notch, evidence-based care designed to relieve pain, restore movement, and support your recovery every step of the way.

Get in touch with Elite Health & Performance today and take the first step toward stronger, pain-free shoulders.